Who developed the theory of multiple intelligences?

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Dr. Howard Gardner, an American developmental psychologist. He introduced this concept in his 1983 book "Frames of Mind," where he proposed that intelligence is not a single entity but rather a collection of distinct types of intelligences that reflect various ways of processing information. Gardner identified several intelligences, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.

This theory significantly shifted the educational paradigm by encouraging educators to recognize and cultivate diverse talents in students rather than adhering to a one-size-fits-all approach based solely on linguistic and logical-mathematical skills, which were traditionally emphasized. Gardner’s work underscored the importance of understanding individual differences in learning styles and potential, paving the way for more personalized educational experiences.